The Acta Comparationis Litterarum Universarum (1877–1888) from the Perspective of its British Collaborators

Within a contemporary Hungarian literary discourse that emphasized national values, the first international journal of comparative literature, Acta Comparationis Litterarum Universarum (ACLU) proved quite incomprehensible. I therefore argue that ACLU’s aims and constant struggles are better understood from the viewpoint of its authors originating from beyond Hungary, such as that held by the English collaborator, E. D. Butler. A librarian at the British Museum whose interest in antiquarianism and orientalism may have fueled his involvement in ACLU’s translation projects, Butler can be considered one of the most important channels for propagating Hungarian literature in England. A comparison of Hungarian and English perspectives reveals how differently ACLU’S goals were interpreted, how comparative literature and Hungarian Studies/Hungarology were balanced according to the project proposed by the journal’s editors, Meltzl and Brassai. This analysis further examines how this negotiation surrounding the journal’s interpretation came to determine the early period of institutional comparative literature. Similarly, the Hungarian and English press’s reactions to this project reveal the paradoxical position ACLU occupied; for Hungarians, ACLU was not “Hungarian” enough, while it was precisely this “Hungarianness” that attracted the English. My paper discusses the underlying reasons for this situation by examining how Hungarians, the English and ACLU addressed questions in folklore, Hungarian and comparative literature studies, thereby providing additional insight into the journal’s concept of world literature and its anthropological approach. 1 This essay is based on my undergraduate research completed between 2014–2015 and its rewritten version submitted to the Erdélyi Tudományos Diákköri Konferencia [‘Transylvanian Student’s Scientific Conference’] competition under the title Hányféle világirodalom? Az első nemzetközi komparatisztikai szaklap angolszász anyaga a magyar irodalom érdeke és az angliai perspektíva között [‘How Many World Literatures? The English Material of the First International Journal of Comparative Literature between the Interests of Hungarian Literature and the English Perspective’] in 2016, both coordinated by Dr. T. Szabó Levente PhD., Associate Professor at Babeș–Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, whom I wish to thank for his guidance and advice. Codău, Annamária. “The Acta Comparationis Litterarum Universarum (1877–1888) from the Perspective of its British Collaborators.” Hungarian Cultural Studies. e-Journal of the American Hungarian Educators Association, Volume 10 (2017) DOI: 10.5195/ahea.2017.299 107